The iconoclastic Brazilian anthropologist and theoretician Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, well known in his discipline for helping initiate its тАЬontological turn,тАЭ offers a vision of anthropology as тАЬthe practice of the permanent decolonization of thought.тАЭ After showing that Amazonian and other Amerindian groups inhabit a radically different conceptual universe than oursтАФin which nature and culture, human and nonhuman, subject and object are conceived in terms that reverse our ownтАФhe presents the case for anthropology as the study of such тАЬotherтАЭ metaphysical schemes, and as the corresponding critique of the concepts imposed on them by the human sciences. Along the way, he spells out the consequences of this anthropology for thinking in general via a major reassessment of the work of Claude L├йvi-Strauss, arguments for the continued relevance of Deleuze and Guattari, dialogues with the work of Philippe Descola, Bruno Latour, and Marilyn Strathern, and inventive treatments of problems of ontology, translation, and transformation. Bold, unexpected, and profound, Cannibal Metaphysics is one of the chief works marking anthropologyтАЩs current return to the theoretical center stage.