Eduardo Batalha Viveiros de Castro is a Brazilian anthropologist and a professor at the National Museum of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.
He has published many books and articles which are considered important in anthropology and in Americanist ethnology, among them: Cannibal Metaphysics, From the enemy's point of view: humanity and divinity in an Amazonian society, Amazônia: etnologia e história indígena, and A inconstância da alma selvagem e outros ensaios de antropologia.
Born in Rio de Janeiro, Viveiros de Castro taught at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, the University of Chicago, and at the University of Cambridge. Among his principal contributions is the understanding of Amerindian perspectivism. His works are among the key influences for the emergence of the ontological turn in anthropology.