Friedrich Otto Vogel was a German human geneticist. Together with Arno Motulsky he established the journal Human Genetics in 1964, of which he remained editor-in-chief for more than 25 years. He was a member of the Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften. In 1962, Vogel was named professor of human genetics and founding chair of the Institute of Anthropology and Human Genetics at Heidelberg University. Vogel became the leading German human geneticist and played a significant role in the rehabilitation of this field after the misuse of genetics by the Nazi regime.