The novel continues the story from "The Warden", focusing on the turbulent changes in the ecclesiastical hierarchy of Barchester. The central plot revolves around the appointment of a new bishop, Dr. Proudie, and his ambitious wife, who seek to reform the diocese and challenge the established clergy. Their attempts lead to a series of conflicts with traditionalists, including Mr. Harding, who faces personal and professional dilemmas.
Trollope's keen observations of social and political intrigue, along with his richly drawn characters, make "Barchester Towers" a sharp and entertaining commentary on Victorian society. The novel combines humor, drama, and a detailed exploration of the complexities of church politics and local life.