์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „433 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ ˆ์˜คํด๋“œ 2์„ธ์˜ ๋…๋ฐฑ(English Classics433 King Leopold's Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo Rule by Mark Twain)

ยท ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 401~500 Book 33 ยท ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Theme Travel News Korea
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โ€˜์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ํ•™์‚ด์žโ€™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฒจ๊ธฐ์— ๋ ˆ์˜คํด๋“œ 2์„ธ(King Leopold)๋ฅผ ๋นผ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝฉ๊ณ  ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ตญ(Congo Free State)(็พ ์ฝฉ๊ณ  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ)์„ ๊ฐœํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋…๊ต๋ฅผ ์ „ํŒŒํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ช…๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜น๋…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐฉ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง‘๋‹จ ์‚ดํ•ดํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ ˆ์˜คํด๋“œ 2์„ธ์˜ ๋…๋ฐฑ์ด๋ž€ ํ˜•์‹์„ ๋‹ด์•„ ์ฝฉ๊ณ ์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ๋ ˆ์˜คํด๋“œ 2์„ธ์˜ ๋…๋ฐฑ(King Leopold's Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo Rule by Mark Twain)(1905)์„ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด, ๋…์ผ์–ด, ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์–ด ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ๊ฐ„ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ฒจ๊ธฐ์—์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๋ ˆ์˜คํด๋“œ 2์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์ฐฉ์ทจํ•œ ๋ถ€๋กœ ๊ฑด์„คํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‹๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„ค์™•(Koning-Bouwer)์ด๋ผ ์นญ์†กํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด์ œ๋„, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋„, ๋‚ด์ผ๋„ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ฌธํ•™์—ฌํ–‰์„! B

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These pests!โ€”it is as I say, they have kept back nothing! They have revealed these and yet other details which shame should have kept them silent about, since they were exposures of a king, a sacred personage and immune from reproach, by right of his selection and appointment to his great office by God himself; a king whose acts cannot be criticized without blasphemy, since God has observed them from the beginning and has manifested no dissatisfaction with them, nor shown disapproval of them, nor hampered nor interrupted them in any way. By this sign I recognize his approval of what I have done; his cordial and glad approval, I am sure I may say. Blest, crowned, beatified with this great reward, this golden reward, this unspeakably precious reward, why should I care for menโ€™s cursings and revilings of me?

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์ด ํ•ด์ถฉ๋“ค!-๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋‹˜ ์ž์‹ ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง๋ถ„์— ๊ทธ์˜ ์„ ํƒ๊ณผ ์ž„๋ช…์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์™•, ์‹ ์„ฑํ•œ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ฑ…๋ง์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์นจ๋ฌต์„ ์ง€์ผฐ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์™•์˜ ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ์‹ ์„ฑ๋ชจ๋… ์—†์ด๋Š” ์ฑ…๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์™•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ง€์ผœ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ณ  ์›๋งํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏธ์›Œํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ‘œ์‹œ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์Šน์ธ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์œ ์Šน์ธ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํฐ ์ƒ๊ธ‰์œผ๋กœ ์™•๊ด€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ณต๋˜์‹  ์ด ๊ธˆ์ƒ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฃจ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ๊ท€ํ•œ ์ƒ์„ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด์ฐŒํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์š•๊ณผ ์š•์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๋žด.

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โ€œEach time the corporal goes out to get rubber, cartridges are given him. He must bring back all not used, and for every one used he must bring back a right hand. M. P. told me that sometimes they shot a cartridge at an animal in hunting; they then cut off a hand from a living man. As to the extent to which this is carried on, he informed me that in six months the State on the Mambogo River had used 6,000 cartridges, which means that 6,000 people are killed or mutilated. It means more than 6,000, for the people have told me repeatedly that the soldiers kill the children with the butt of their guns.โ€

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โ€œ์ƒ๋ณ‘์ด ๊ณ ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์–ป์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ํƒ„์•ฝํ†ต์ด ์ฃผ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜ค๋ฅธ์†์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. M.P.๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ ์ค‘์— ๋™๋ฌผ์—๊ฒŒ ํƒ„์•ฝ์„ ์ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์†์„ ์ž˜๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋„์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ, ๊ทธ๋Š” Mambogo ๊ฐ•์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์—์„œ 6๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ 6,000๊ฐœ์˜ ํƒ„์•ฝํ†ต์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” 6,000๋ช…์ด ์ฃฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ›ผ์†๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 6,000๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ด์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ฃฝ์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•ด์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

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โ€œIt seems strange to see a king destroying a nation and laying waste a country for mere sordid moneyโ€™s sake, and solely and only for that. Lust of conquest is royal; kings have always exercised that stately vice; we are used to it, by old habit we condone it, perceiving a certain dignity in it; but lust of moneyโ€”lust of shillingsโ€”lust of nickelsโ€”lust of dirty coin, not for the nationโ€™s enrichment but for the kingโ€™s aloneโ€”this is new. It distinctly revolts us, we cannot seem to reconcile ourselves to it, we resent it, we despise it, we say it is shabby, unkingly, out of character. Being democrats we ought to jeer and jest, we ought to rejoice to see the purple dragged in the dirt,

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โ€œ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ, ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ถ”์•…ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด, ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋ฉธ๋ง์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ํ™ฉํ์ผ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์™•์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ณต์˜ ์š•๋ง์€ ์™•์กฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™•๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ ์œ„์—„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•…๋•์„ ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์Šต๊ด€์— ์˜ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌต์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•๋ง-์‹ค๋ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•๋ง-๋‹ˆ์ผˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•๋ง-๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋™์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•๋ง, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ถ€์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์™•๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ - ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์—ญ๊ฒน๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ํ™”ํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ณ , ๋ถ„๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธํ•˜๊ณ , ์ดˆ๋ผํ•˜๊ณ , ์ดŒ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ , ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์ž์ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์กฐ๋กฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์กฐ๋กฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ณด๋ผ์ƒ‰์ด ํ™์— ๋Œ๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ปํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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butโ€”well, account for it as we may, we donโ€™t. We see this awful king, this pitiless and blood-drenched king, this money-crazy king towering toward the sky in a world-solitude of sordid crime, unfellowed and apart from the human race, sole butcher for personal gain findable in all his caste, ancient or modern, pagan or Christian, proper and legitimate target for the scorn of the lowest and the highest, and the execrations of all who hold in cold esteem the oppressor and the coward; andโ€”well, it is a mystery, but we do not wish to look; for he is a king, and it hurts us, it troubles us, by ancient and inherited instinct it shames us to see a king degraded to this aspect, and we shrink from hearing the particulars of how it happened. We shudder and turn away when we come upon them in print.โ€

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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒโ€”๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์™•, ์ด ๋ฌด์ž๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”ผ์— ํ ๋ป‘ ์ –์€ ์™•, ์ด ๋ˆ์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์™•์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๊ณ ๋…ํ•œ ์ถ”์•…ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์†์—์„œ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์šฐ๋š ์†Ÿ์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋™๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์นด์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋„์‚ด์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€, ์ด๊ต๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋…๊ต์ธ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ, ์••์ œ์ž์™€ ๊ฒ์Ÿ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ƒ‰๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ชจ์š•; ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ โ€”๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์™•์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•„ํ”„๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ดด๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋Œ€์˜ ์œ ์ „๋œ ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์™•์ด ์ด ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ํƒ€๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ์‡„๋ฌผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ชธ์„œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ณ  ์™ธ๋ฉดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€




-๋ชฉ์ฐจ(Index)-

ํ”„๋กค๋กœ๊ทธ(Prologue). ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 999์„ ์„ ์ฝ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” 7๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ 

์กฐ๋ช…ํ™” ํŽธ์ง‘์žฅ์˜ 22๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋กœ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)

01. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฌธํ•™์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€(The Father of American literature)(1835~1910)

01-1. BBC ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์—„(Your Millennium) ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž‘๊ฐ€(Greatest Writer) 10์œ„(1999)

01-2. ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ(The Greatest American)(2005)

01-3. ์Šค๋ฏธ์†Œ๋‹ˆ์–ธ(Smithsonian Magazine) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ 100์ธ์˜ ์ธ๋ฌผ(100 Most Significant Americans of All Time) ํŒ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜(Pop icons)(2014)

02. ํ•ผ๋ฆฌ ํ˜œ์„ฑ(Halley's Comet)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋‚˜์ด(1835, 1910)

03. ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ ๊ฐ•(Mississippi River)์˜ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์„  ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ(Riverboat pilot)

04. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์€ ์•ฝ 3.6 ๋ฏธํ„ฐ?!

05. ๋ธŒ๋ž˜์ง€์–ด ํ›„ํฌ(Brasher hook)๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ฐ€(Inventor)(1871)

06. ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ•์—ฐํˆฌ์–ด(World Lecture Tour)(1895~1896)

07. ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ์—๋””์Šจ(Thomas Alva Edison)์ด ์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ™” ์™•์ž์™€ ๊ฑฐ์ง€(The Prince and the Pauper)(1909)

08. ๊ธˆ์„œ(็ฆๆ›ธ)๋กœ ์ง€์ •๋œ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)

09. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ SF ์ž‘๊ฐ€ ์กด ์Šค์นผ์ง€(John Scalzi)์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ–‰์„ฑ(The Last Colony)(2007)

10. ์ฃผ์š” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ(Books) : ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์€ ์—ฌํ–‰์ž‘๊ฐ€?!

10-1. ํ†ฐ ์†Œ์—ฌ์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜(The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)(1876)

10-2. ์™•์ž์™€ ๊ฑฐ์ง€(The Prince and the Pauper)(1881)

10-3. ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ 3๋ถ€์ž‘(Mississippi Trilogy) : ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์ƒํ™œ(Life on the Mississippi)(1883)

10-4. ํ—ˆํด๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ํ•€์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜(The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)(1884)

10-5. ์•„์„œ ์™• ๊ถ์ „์˜ ์ฝ”๋„คํ‹ฐ์ปท ์–‘ํ‚ค(A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court)(1889)

10-6. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ผ์ฃผ(Following the Equator : A Journey Around the World)(1897)

11. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” 14๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

12. ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ(Audio Books)์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)

13. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์˜ ์–ด๋ก(Quotes)(222)

๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ ˆ์˜คํด๋“œ 2์„ธ์˜ ๋…๋ฐฑ(King Leopold's Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo Rule by Mark Twain)(1905)

โ€œIt Is Iโ€

KING LEOPOLDโ€™S SOLILOQUY

King Leopold's Soliloquy

An Original Mistake

Supplementary

Some Things The Report Of The King's Commission Says.

The United States Government And The Congo State.

Ought King Leopold To Be Hanged?

Transcriber's Notes

๋ถ€๋ก(Appendix). ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณ ์ „์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํžˆ์น˜ํ•˜์ด์ปค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์„œ(The Hitchhiker's Guide to Worlds's Classics)

A01. ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ์„œ์ (Harvard Book Store) ์ง์› ์ถ”์ฒœ ๋„์„œ 100์„ (Staff's Favorite 100 Books) & ํŒ๋งค๋„์„œ 100์œ„(Top 100 Books)

A02. ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋„์„œ 100

A03. ์—ฐ์„ธํ•„๋…๋„์„œ ๊ณ ์ „ 200์„ 

A04. ๊ณ ๋ ค๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์„ธ์ข…์บ ํผ์Šค ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋„์„œ 100์„ 

A05. ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€, ์—ฐ์„ธ๋Œ€, ๊ณ ๋ ค๋Œ€ ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋„์„œ 60๊ถŒ

A06. ์„ฑ๊ท ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์˜ค๊ฑฐ์„œ(ไบ”่ปŠๆ›ธ) ์„ฑ๊ท  ๊ณ ์ „ 100์„ 

A07. ๊ฒฝํฌ๋Œ€ ํ›„๋งˆ๋‹ˆํƒ€์Šค ์นผ๋ฆฌ์ง€(Humanitas College) ๊ต์–‘ํ•„๋…์„œ 100์„ 

A08. ํฌ์Šคํ…(ํฌํ•ญ๊ณต๋Œ€) ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋„์„œ 100์„ 

A09. ์นด์ด์ŠคํŠธ(KAIST) ๋…์„œ๋งˆ์ผ๋ฆฌ์ง€์ œ ์ถ”์ฒœ๋„์„œ 100๊ถŒ

A10. ๋ฌธํ•™์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ์ถ”์ฒœ๋„์„œ(44)

A11. ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๋Š” 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(How to listen to FREE audio Books legally?)

A12. ์˜ํ™”ยท๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(Movies And TV Shows Based on English Classic Books)

ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 999์„ 

ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ๋„์„œ๋ชฉ๋ก(1,302)




ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 999์„ 

ย 

ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 999์„ ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ํ•„์š” ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ „ ๋ช…์ž‘ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์ˆ˜์ฐจ๋ก€ ์˜ํ™”์™€ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋Š” - ๋Œ€์ค‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒธ๋น„ํ•œ ๋ฒ ์ŠคํŠธ์…€๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์—„์„ ํ•ด ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics)๊ณผ ์˜์–ด๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ฆ๊ธฐ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ(free public domain audioBooks) ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋ณต์Šค(LibriVox) ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์„œยท์ฑ•ํ„ฐ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ฒจ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์กฐ๋ช…ํ™” ํŽธ์ง‘์žฅ์˜ โ€˜OO๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋กœ ์ฝ๋Š” ์ž‘๊ฐ€ & ์ž‘ํ’ˆโ€™ ํ•ด์„ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„์˜ ์„ธ์›”์—๋„ ๋ณ€์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ช…์ €์˜ ๊ฐ๋™์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 101์„ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด์ œ๋„, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋„, ๋‚ด์ผ๋„ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ฌธํ•™์—ฌํ–‰์„! B

ย 

โ… . ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์žฅํŽธ์†Œ์„ค(Mark Twainโ€˜s Novels)(019)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „016 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ—ˆํด๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ํ•€์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜

English Classics016 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „026 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ†ฐ ์†Œ์—ฌ์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜

English Classics026 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „401 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ†ฐ ์†Œ์—ฌ์˜ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋ชจํ—˜

English Classics401 Tom Sawyer Abroad by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „402 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํƒ์ • ํ†ฐ ์†Œ์—ฌ

English Classics402 Tom Sawyer, Detective by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „403 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์™•์ž์™€ ๊ฑฐ์ง€

English Classics403 The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „404 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์•„์„œ์™•์„ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๋‚˜์ด

English Classics404 A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „405 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ฐฉ์ธ

English Classics405 The Mysterious Stranger, and Other Stories by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „406 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์–ผ๊ฐ„์ด ์œŒ์Šจ

English Classics406 The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead Wilson by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „407 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์—ฝ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด

English Classics407 Those Extraordinary Twins by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „408 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์ด๋ธŒ์˜ ์ผ๊ธฐ

English Classics408 Eve's Diary, Complete by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „409 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์•„๋‹ด์˜ ์ผ๊ธฐ

English Classics409 Extracts from Adam's Diary by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „410 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ•˜๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋ฝ์‹œํ‚จ ์‚ฌ๋‚˜์ด

English Classics410 The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg, and Other Stories by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „411 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋„๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋Œ€

English Classics411 The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today by Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „412 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์ž”๋‹ค๋ฅดํฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ํšŒ์ƒโ… 

English Classics412 Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc โ€” Volume 1 by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „413 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์ž”๋‹ค๋ฅดํฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ํšŒ์ƒโ…ก

English Classics413 Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc โ€” Volume 2 by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „414 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ 1601: ํŠœ๋” ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋‚œ๋กœ ์˜†์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”

English Classics414 1601: Conversation as it was by the Social Fireside in the Time of the Tudors by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „415 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ง ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ

English Classics415 A Horse's Tale by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „416 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์ธ

English Classics416 The American Claimant by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „417 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋”๋ธ” ๋ฐฐ๋Ÿด ํƒ์ • ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ

English Classics417 A Double Barrelled Detective Story by Mark Twain

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โ…ก. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ๋‹จํŽธ์ง‘(Mark Twainโ€˜s Short stories)(007)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „418 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฐœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ

English Classics418 A Dog's Tale by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „419 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ 3๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฐ

English Classics419 The $30,000 Bequest, and Other Stories by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „420 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ ์ง€ํ

English Classics420 The Million Pound Bank Note and other new stories by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „421 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์Šคํ†ฐํ•„๋“œ ์„ ์žฅ์˜ ์ฒœ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ธฐ

English Classics421 Extract from Captain Stormfield's Visit to Heaven by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „422 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋„๋‘‘๋งž์€ ํ•˜์–€ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ

English Classics422 The Stolen White Elephant by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „423 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๊ณค๋‘๋ฅด ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ

English Classics423 The Curious Republic of Gondour, and Other Whimsical Sketches by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „424 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ ํ…Œ์ผ์ฆˆ

English Classics424 Merry Tales by Mark Twain

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โ…ข. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ๋…ผํ”ฝ์…˜((Mark Twain's Nonfictions)(015)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „425 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํŽ˜๋‹ˆ๋ชจ์–ด ์ฟ ํผ์˜ ๋ฌธํ•™ ๋น„ํ‰

English Classics425 Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offences by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „426 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?

English Classics426 What Is Man? and Other Essays by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „427 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด๋Š” ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?

English Classics427 Is Shakespeare Dead? by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „428 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€

English Classics428 How to Tell a Story, and Other Essays by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „429 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์ƒˆ ์Šค์ผ€์น˜์™€ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์Šค์ผ€์น˜

English Classics429 Sketches New and Old by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „430 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋…๊ต ๊ณผํ•™

English Classics430 Christian Science by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „431 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์˜ ์‡ ํ‡ด

English Classics431 On the Decay of the Art of Lying by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „432 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์–ด๋‘  ์†์— ์•‰์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ

English Classics432 To the Person Sitting in Darkness by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „433 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ ˆ์˜คํด๋“œ 2์„ธ์˜ ๋…๋ฐฑ

English Classics433 King Leopold's Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo Rule by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „434 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์ฝ”๋„คํ‹ฐ์ปท์˜ ์ตœ์‹  ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์ถ•์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค

English Classics434 The Facts Concerning the Recent Carnival of Crime in Connecticut by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „435 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์˜์–ด

English Classics435 English as She is Taught by Mark Twain and Caroline B. Le Row

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „436 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡ ์…ธ๋ฆฌ ์˜นํ˜ธ๋ก 

English Classics436 In Defense of Harriet Shelley by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „437 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์•Œ๋ก ์กฐ ํ”ผ์ธ 

English Classics437 Alonzo Fitz, and Other Stories by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „438 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ์ค‘ ์กฐ์•ฝ ์กฐํ•ญ ํ•ด์„ค

English Classics438 The Treaty With China, its Provisions Explained by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „439 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํด ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ œ ๋น„ํ‰

English Classics439 Essays on Paul Bourget by Mark Twain

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โ…ฃ. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ๊ธฐํ–‰๋ฌธํ•™(Mark Twain's Travelogue)(007)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „440 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์—ฌํ–‰๊ธฐ

English Classics440 The Innocents Abroad by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „441 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์„œ๋ถ€ ์œ ๋ž‘๊ธฐ

English Classics441 Roughing It by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „442 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์ƒํ™œ

English Classics442 Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „443 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์œ ๋ž‘๊ธฐ

English Classics443 A Tramp Abroad by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „444 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์ ๋„ ์œ ๋ž‘๊ธฐ: 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ผ์ฃผ

English Classics444 Following the Equator: A Journey Around the World by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „445 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๊ณจ๋“œ์Šค๋ฏธ์Šค ์นœ๊ตฌ์˜ ์žฌ์œ ๋ž‘๊ธฐ

English Classics445 Goldsmith's Friend Abroad Again by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „446 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฅํ™ฉํ•œ ๋…ธํŠธ

English Classics446 Some Rambling Notes of an Idle Excursion by Mark Twain

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โ…ค. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์ปฌ๋ ‰์…˜ & ์ž์„œ์ „(Mark Twain's Collections & Autobiography)(012)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „447 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค๋ฌธ

English Classics447 Mark Twain's Speeches by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „448 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋‚˜์˜ ์ž์„œ์ „

English Classics448 Chapters from My Autobiography by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „449 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์™€์ผ๋“œ ์˜ค์ธ  ์‚ฌ์„ค

English Classics449 Editorial Wild Oats by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „450 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ•ดํ•™์  ์ž์„œ์ „

English Classics450 Mark Twain's Burlesque Autobiography

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „451 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์–ด๋ก

English Classics451 Quotes and Images From The Works of Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „452 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„

English Classics452 Moments with Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „453 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์„œ๊ฐ„์ง‘โ… 

English Classics453 Mark Twain's Letters โ€” Volume 1(1853-1866)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „454 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์„œ๊ฐ„์ง‘โ…ก

English Classics454 Mark Twain's Letters โ€” Volume 2(1867-1875)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „455 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์„œ๊ฐ„์ง‘โ…ข

English Classics455 Mark Twain's Letters โ€” Volume 3(1876-1885)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „456 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์„œ๊ฐ„์ง‘โ…ฃ

English Classics456 Mark Twain's Letters โ€” Volume 4(1886-1900)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „457 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์„œ๊ฐ„์ง‘โ…ค

English Classics457 Mark Twain's Letters โ€” Volume 5(1901-1906)

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „458 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์„œ๊ฐ„์ง‘โ…ฅ

English Classics458 Mark Twain's Letters โ€” Volume 6(1907-1910)

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ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Theme Travel News Korea๋Š” 2012๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ 1,000์ข… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐํš ๋ฐ ์ถœ๊ฐ„ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ „๋ฌธ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ํผ๋ธ”๋ฆฌ์…”(Digital Contents Publisher)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์ž‘๊ฐ€์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹ ๊ฐœ๋… ์—ฌํ–‰ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ถ ์›์ฝ”์Šค(1 Course), ํฌํ† ์—์„ธ์ด ์›๋”ํ’€(Onederful), ์—ฌํ–‰์—์„ธ์ด ๋ณ„ ํ—ค๋Š” ๋ฐค(Counting the Stars at Night) ๋“ฑ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ธ๋ฌธ ๊ต์–‘์„œ ์ง€์‹์˜ ๋ฐฉ์ฃผ(Knowledge's Ark)์™€ ็Ÿฅ์˜ ๋ฐ”์ด๋ธ”(Bible of Knowledge), ์‹ค์šฉ์„œ ์›์ƒท(1 Shot)๊ณผ IT๋กœ์ผ“(IT Rocket) ๋“ฑ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„์•ผ์™€ ์—ฌํ–‰์˜ ์ฝœ๋ผ๋ณด์—๋„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ตœ๊ณ  & ์ตœ๋‹ค ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํผ๋ธ”๋ฆฌ์…” ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea(๋ฐฉ์†ก๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ๋„ค์Šค์ƒ 2017 โ€˜์ตœ๋‹ค ์ถœ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ ์ตœ๋‹ค ์ž๊ฒฉ์ฆโ€™ ์ˆ˜์ƒ)์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด์ œ๋„, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋„, ๋‚ด์ผ๋„ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์—ฌํ–‰์„! B

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๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)

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BBC ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์—„(Your Millennium) ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž‘๊ฐ€(Greatest Writer) 10์œ„(1999) : ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ตญ BBC๊ฐ€ 2000๋…„์„ ๋งž์ดํ•˜์—ฌ 1999๋…„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์—„(Your Millennium)์€ 1์›” ๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ฐ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 12์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€, ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€, ์ž‘๊ณก๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„ ์ธ๋ฌผ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. BBC์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ ์˜๊ตญ๊ณผ ์˜์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆœ์œ„๊ถŒ์— ์˜๊ตญ์ธ๊ณผ ์˜์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด ๋Œ€๊ฑฐ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ์ง€ํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2์›”์— ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ž‘๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์„ธ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด(William Shakespeare)๊ฐ€ ์••๋„์ ์ธ 1์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋กœ์จ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์ด 10์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ(The Greatest American)(2005) : ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ตญ ๋””์Šค์ปค๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ ์ฑ„๋„(Discovery Channel)๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ธฐ์—… AOL์ด ๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผ์ตœํ•œ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ(The Greatest American)(2005)์€ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์˜ํ•œ TV ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 100๋ช…์˜ ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋†“๊ณ , ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ(The Greatest American)(2005)์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ 4๋ถ€์ž‘์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋ฐฉ์˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€์ง€์ž ๊ฐ„์˜ ์น˜์—ดํ•œ ํ† ๋ก ๊ณผ ํˆฌํ‘œ, ํˆฌํ‘œ์œจ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 100๋ช…์˜ ํ›„๋ณด ์ค‘ ๋กœ๋„๋“œ ๋ ˆ์ด๊ฑด(Ronald Reagan)์ด 2์œ„ ๋ง์ปจ(Abraham Lincoln)์„ ์ œ์น˜๊ณ , ์ข…ํ•ฉ 1์œ„๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 3์œ„ ๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น(Martin Luther King Jr.)์ด ์œ ์ƒ‰ ์ธ์ข… ์ค‘ 1์œ„, 9์œ„ ์˜คํ”„๋ผ ์œˆํ”„๋ฆฌ(Oprah Winfrey)๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ค‘ 1์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain) ๋˜ํ•œ 100์ธ์˜ ํ›„๋ณด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ƒ์œ„ 25์œ„์—๋Š” ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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์Šค๋ฏธ์†Œ๋‹ˆ์–ธ(Smithsonian Magazine) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ 100์ธ์˜ ์ธ๋ฌผ(100 Most Significant Americans of All Time) ํŒ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜(Pop icons)(2014) : ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด D.C์˜ ์Šค๋ฏธ์†Œ๋‹ˆ์–ธ ์žฌ๋‹จ(Smithsonian Institute)์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์Šค๋ฏธ์†Œ๋‹ˆ์–ธ(Smithsonian Magazine)์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฌ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ 100์ธ์˜ ์ธ๋ฌผ(100 Most Significant Americans of All Time)์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฏธ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ํผ ์ฝœ๋Ÿผ๋ฒ„์Šค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์•Œ ์นดํฌ๋„ค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠน์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ(Significant)์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ๋ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠน์ง•์ด์ง€์š”! ๊ฐœ์ฒ™์ž(Trailblazers)๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ˜๋ž€๊ตฐ ๋ฐ ์ €ํ•ญ๊ตฐ(Rebels & resisters), ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น(Presidents), ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ(First Women), ๋ฌด๋ฒ•์ž(Outlaws), ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€(Artists), ์ข…๊ต์ธ(Religious figures), ํŒ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜(Pop icons), ์ œ๊ตญ ๊ฑด์„ค์ž(Empire-builders), ์šด๋™์„ ์ˆ˜(Athletes)๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด 10๊ฐœ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 10๋ช…์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์€ ํŒ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜(Pop icons)์— ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€(Artists)๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํŒ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜(Pop icons)์— ์„ ์ •๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์†Œ์„ค๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฌธํ•™์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€(the Father of American literature)์ด๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜(Pop icons)์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2014๋…„ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์ธ๊ฐ€? : ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ธ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ˆœ์œ„(Who's Bigger?: Where Historical Figures Really Rank)๋ž€ ๋‹จํ–‰๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ๊ฐ„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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ํ•ผ๋ฆฌ ํ˜œ์„ฑ(Halley's Comet)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ์— ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋‚˜์ด(1835, 1910) : ์—๋“œ๋จผ๋“œ ํ•ผ๋ฆฌ(Edmond Halley, Edmund)๋Š” ๊ทธ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ•ผ๋ฆฌ ํ˜œ์„ฑ(Halley's Comet)์˜ ๋ช…๋ช…์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1656๋…„ ์ถœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ด€์ธก ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ, 1456๋…„, 1531๋…„, 1607๋…„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1682๋…„์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ํ˜œ์„ฑ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜œ์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ, 75~76๋…„์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ด€์ธก๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ผ๋ฆฌ ํ˜œ์„ฑ(Halley's Comet)์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ฌํ›„ 1758๋…„์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๋ฉฐ์น ์˜ ์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ก ์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ํ•ผ๋ฆฌ ํ˜œ์„ฑ(Halley's Comet)์ด ์ฒœ๋ฌธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ฒœ์ฒด์˜ ํ™œ๋™์ž„์ด ์ฆ๋ช…๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ ! ์ด๋งŒํ•˜๋ฉด, ํ˜œ์„ฑ์— ๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ ์ค„๋งŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”? ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์€ 1835๋…„ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜ 1910๋…„ ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด๋Š” ํ•ผ๋ฆฌ ํ˜œ์„ฑ(Halley's Comet)์ด ๊ด€์ธก๋œ 1935๋…„๊ณผ 1910๋…„๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!! ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•ผ๋ฆฌ ํ˜œ์„ฑ(Halley's Comet)์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๋ฌด๋ ต ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž๋ž‘(?)์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ–ˆ๊ณ , 1909๋…„ ์ž์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ˜œ์„ฑ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ์ฃฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์–ธํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ผ์ถ” ๋งž์•„ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ ๊ฐ•(Mississippi River)์˜ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์„  ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ(Riverboat pilot) : ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์€ 1847๋…„, 11์„ธ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚˜์ด์— ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ณ  ์ƒ์—…์ „์„ ์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์‡„์†Œ(printer) ๊ฒฌ์Šต๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์ง€์—ญ์‹ ๋ฌธ์‚ฌ ์‹์ž๊ณต(typesetter), ์ฆ๊ธฐ์„  ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ(Riverboat pilot) ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹œ ์›”๊ธ‰์ด ๋†’๊ธฐ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์„  ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ(Riverboat pilot)๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด 1865๋…„ ์ถœ๊ฐ„ํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋‹จํŽธ ์ผˆ๋ผ๋ฒ ๋ผ์Šค ์นด์šดํ‹ฐ์˜ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ ํ”„ ๊ฐœ๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ(The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County)(1865)๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์™ธ์˜ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ฉด์„œ, ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์€ โ€˜์‚ด์•„์ƒ์ „์— ๋ถ€์™€ ๋ช…์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฐ ์ž‘๊ฐ€โ€™์˜ ๋ฐ˜์—ด์— ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด๋ ค 30๋งŒ ๋ถˆ์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•œ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ’ˆ์ด ํ•œ๋ฐœ ์•ž์„  ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ œํ’ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋Š”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ธˆ๊ด‘ ํˆฌ์ž, ์ถœํŒ์‚ฌ ์‹ ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์ด ์ž‡๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹คํŒจํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๊ทธ์˜ ํ•„๋ช… ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์€ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ ๊ฐ•(Mississippi River)์„ ์˜ค๋ฅด๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ธฐ์„  ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ(Riverboat pilot)๋กœ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด, ํƒ„์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ์„ ๋ฐ•์—…๊ณ„์˜ ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘ํ•„ํ•œ ์†Œ์„ค ํ†ฐ ์†Œ์—ฌ์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜(The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)(1876)๊ณผ ํ—ˆํด๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ํ•€์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜(The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)(1884), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1883๋…„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ํšŒ๊ณ ๋ก ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์ƒํ™œ(Life on the Mississippi)(1883)์„ ํ•ฉ์ณ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ 3๋ถ€์ž‘(Mississippi Trilogy)์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ˆ๋ฐœ(Hannibal)์—๋Š” ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ์†Œ๋…„๊ธฐ์˜ ์ง‘ & ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€(The Mark Twain Boyhood Home & Museum)์ด ์ž˜ ๋ณด์กด๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋‹ˆ๋ฐœ(Hannibal)๋กœ ์ง„์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋… ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ(Mark Twain Memorial Bridge)๋กœ, ๋งˆ์„์—๋Š” ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋… ๋“ฑ๋Œ€(Mark Twain Memorial Lighthouse)์™€ ํ†ฐ ์†Œ์—ฌ์™€ ํ—ˆํด๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ํ•€ ๋™์ƒ(Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn Statue)๋„ ์žˆ์ง€์š”~ ๊ทธ์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ˆ๋ฐœ(Hannibal)์€ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์— ์˜ํ•œ, ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ, ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ๋งˆ์„์ธ ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์€ ์•ฝ 3.6 ๋ฏธํ„ฐ?! : ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์€ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ ๊ฐ•์„ ์˜ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ฆ๊ธฐ์„ ์—์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹œ ์„ ๋ฐ•๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ”ผํŠธ(feet), ๋ฏธํ„ฐ(meter), ์•ผ๋“œ(yard) ๋Œ€์‹  ํŒจ๋ค(fathom), ๋ฐ”์ด ๋” ๋งˆํฌ(By the mark), ์ˆซ์ž 2(Twain) ๋“ฑ์˜ ์—…๊ณ„์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ญํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊นŠ์ด 2 ํŒจ๋ค(182.88 cm์˜ 2๋ฐฐ)์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์€ ๋ณธ๋ช… ์ƒˆ๋ฎค์–ผ ๋žญํ˜ผ ํด๋ ˆ๋ฉ˜์Šค(Samuel Langhorne Clemens)๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•„๋ช…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํ•„๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์ด ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ‰์„ ๋ฐ›์€์ง€๋ผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ ํ•„๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain) ์ด์ „์—๋„ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ(Mark Twain)์„ ํ•„๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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๋ธŒ๋ž˜์ง€์–ด ํ›„ํฌ(Brasher hook)๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ฐ€(Inventor)(1871) : ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์€ ๋‹น์‹œ ์—๋””์Šจ๊ณผ ๊ฒจ๋ฃจ๋˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ฐ€ ๋‹ˆ์ฝœ๋ผ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋ผ(Nikola Tesla)์™€ ๊ต๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1856๋…„์ƒ์ธ ํ…Œ์Šฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ๋ณด๋‹ค 21์‚ด์ด ์–ด๋ฆฌ๊ธด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๋‹น๋Œ€์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฑฐ์žฅ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๊ณผํ•™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ฌธํ•™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฉด์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์• ์ฒ˜๊ฐ€์ธ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์€ ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ž˜์ง€์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ๋‹ค ๋ฒ—๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ , 1871๋…„ ๊ฐ„ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ธŒ๋ž˜์ง€์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ธŒ๋ž˜์ง€์–ด ํ›„ํฌ(Improvement in Adjustable and Detachable Straps for Garments)๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ํŠนํ—ˆ(US121992A)๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ž˜์ง€์–ด๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฝ”๋ฅด์…‹(Corset)์ด ๋Œ€์ค‘์ ์ด์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋”ฑํžˆ ์ˆ˜์ต์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”โ€ฆโ€ฆ. ์ดํ›„์—๋„ ํ’€์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐœ๋ผ ๋†“์€ ์ž๋™ ์Šคํฌ๋žฉ๋ถ(Improvement in Scrap-Books)๊ณผ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๋นŒ๋”(Memory Builder)๋ž€ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์žฅ์น˜(Game Apparatus) ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ์ƒ์—…์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ํฐ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ๊ธด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธํ•™ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. MBC ์‹ ๋น„ํ•œ TV ์„œํ”„๋ผ์ด์ฆˆ 679ํšŒ(2015-09-06)์— โ€˜๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ฐ€ ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธโ€™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย 

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