Anglo-Irish explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton (1874–1922) conducted three expeditions to the South Pole: the first, in 1901–03, under the direction of Robert Falcon Scott; the second, in 1907–09, which achieved the greatest advance to the pole in history, for which he received his knighthood; and the third, from 1914–17, a disastrous adventure that concluded with a near-miraculous escape, which he chronicled in South. Shackleton was at the start of yet another expedition in 1922 when he experienced a fatal heart attack.