Rod was born in Hamilton, New Zealand, and educated at Victoria University and Merton College Oxford. Most of his academic career was spent at the University of Kent in England where he became Professor of Modern Literature and Cultural History and was several times head of department. He retired in 2009. His main academic fields have been in Victorian and Postcolonial writing and the history and literature of empire.
His books include Affairs of the Hearth: Victorian Poetry and Domestic Narrative (Routledge, 1988), Representing the South Pacific: Colonial Discourse from Cook to Gauguin (Cambridge University Press, 1997), Islands in History and Representation, co-edited with Vanessa Smith (Routledge, 2003) and Leprosy and Empire: A Medical and Cultural History (Cambridge University Press, 2006).