Economic Summits and Western Decision-Making

¡ Routledge
āĻ‡āĻŦā§āĻ•
226
āĻĒā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻ āĻž
āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯
āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‚āĻ•āĻ¨ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻĒā§°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•ā§°āĻž āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻ¨āĻžāĻ‡  āĻ…āĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻ•

āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‡āĻŦā§āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§Ÿā§‡

Since 1975 the leaders of the major western economies have gathered in annual summit meetings to try to agree a unified response to the main political and economic problems facing them. This book, first published in 1984, traces the development of the summit meetings and tries to assess their impact on western decision-making and international relations in general. The summits arose as the product of a serious crisis that shook the world economy in the early 1970s. They have been sustained because of the waning of the American hegemony that had supported the postwar international economic regime. From this it became vital for the leaders of the major economies to reassert collective leadership in order to try to re-establish a new world economic equilibrium.

āĻāĻ‡ āĻ‡āĻŦā§āĻ•āĻ–āĻ¨āĻ• āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‚āĻ•āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§°āĻ•

āĻ†āĻŽāĻžāĻ• āĻ†āĻĒā§‹āĻ¨āĻžā§° āĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻŽāĻ¤ āĻœāĻ¨āĻžāĻ“āĻ•āĨ¤

āĻĒāĻĸāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļāĻžā§ąāĻ˛ā§€

āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžā§°ā§āĻŸāĻĢ’āĻ¨ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ
Android āĻ†ā§°ā§ iPad/iPhoneā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§‡ Google Play Books āĻāĻĒāĻŸā§‹ āĻ‡āĻ¨āĻˇā§āĻŸāĻ˛ āĻ•ā§°āĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ­āĻžā§ąā§‡ āĻ†āĻĒā§‹āĻ¨āĻžā§° āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻ‰āĻŖā§āĻŸā§° āĻ¸ā§ˆāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ›āĻŋāĻ‚āĻ• āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻ†āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¯'āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ• āĻ¤'āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāĻ…'āĻŦā§āĻ• āĻ…āĻ¨āĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻĢāĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡āĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ˆ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ˛ā§‡āĻĒāĻŸāĻĒ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŸāĻžā§°
āĻ†āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŸāĻžā§°ā§° ā§ąā§‡āĻŦ āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ‰āĻœāĻžā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻ•ā§°āĻŋ Google PlayāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨āĻž āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāĻ…'āĻŦā§āĻ•āĻ¸āĻŽā§‚āĻš āĻļā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻ‡-ā§°ā§€āĻĄāĻžā§° āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻš
Kobo eReadersā§° āĻĻā§°ā§‡ āĻ‡-āĻšāĻŋā§ŸāĻžāĻāĻšā§€ā§° āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻšāĻ¸āĻŽā§‚āĻšāĻ¤ āĻĒā§āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ˆ, āĻ†āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŸāĻž āĻĢāĻžāĻ‡āĻ˛ āĻĄāĻžāĻ‰āĻ¨āĻ˛â€™āĻĄ āĻ•ā§°āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡āĻŸā§‹ āĻ†āĻĒā§‹āĻ¨āĻžā§° āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻšāĻ˛ā§ˆ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§°āĻŖ āĻ•ā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ—āĻŋāĻŦāĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ‡-ā§°āĻŋāĻĄāĻžā§°āĻ˛ā§ˆ āĻĢāĻžāĻ‡āĻ˛āĻŸā§‹ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•ā§ˆ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§° āĻ•ā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻœāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ˆ āĻ¸āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§ā§°āĻ¤ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ¸āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ¨āĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻā§‡āĻļāĻžā§ąāĻ˛ā§€ āĻšāĻžāĻ“āĻ•āĨ¤