The book covers the use of nanoparticles in therapeutics, diagnostics, and drug delivery. Topics covered include nanomaterial fabrication, surface modification and applications; toxicity of plant-based nanomaterials; the use of herbal extracts; bioimaging; metal doped nanoparticles for drug delivery; nanoparticles designed for specific neurodegenerative conditions; theranostic nanoparticles in treating lung diseases; and glioma nanotherapy. Keywords: Nanoparticles, Toxicity, Plant-based Nanomaterials, Bioimaging, Diagnostic Nanotechnologies, Metal Doped Nanoparticles, Wound Healing, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Theranostic Nanoparticles, Lung Diseases, Glioma Therapy, Drug Delivery Systems.